sports dictionary Figure skating

AXEL a single jump that starts with a forward movement. There are jumps of one and a half, 2.5 and 3.5 turns.

BESTIA (BESTI SQUAD), BESTI, BESTEMYANOVA a ship-like spiral. It differs from a boat by a strong deflection in the knees, which allows you to take a steeper arc.

BIELMANN SPIN standing rotation with both hands gripping the skate of the free leg from behind over the head.

BRACKET turn on one leg with a change of edge and direction of movement. If you mentally continue the arc along which the skater begins to perform the turn, you will get a circle and with a triple you will get a movement "left side to the center of the circle facing the center of the circle with your right side" (LFO triple), and with the same (LFO) bracket it will be "left side to the center of the circle with your back to the center of the circle with your right side". The brace is a more difficult turn than the triple, as it requires more skill and control over your body. In some ways, the triple turn is "natural", in the direction of movement, it turns out almost by itself, and the bracket is "unnatural". The bracket is used mainly in step paths, and it looks like a quick change of direction: first the blade "goes" with a tooth forward, then for a short time it turns out to be a tooth back, and then again forward.

CANTILEVER, LIMBO, KLIMKINS BOAT a ship-like spiral. The legs are bent at the knees and pushed strongly forward so that the pelvis is directly above the skates, and the body is laid back parallel to the ice and as low as possible. There are variations with one or two hands touching the ice as in the bridge.

CHAISE LONGUE (INVERTED SPIRAL) a recumbent spiral. From the swallow position, the body and free leg are turned "face" up.

CHANGE OF DIRECTION switch from sliding right to sliding left, or vice versa.

CHANGING THE FRONT switch from sliding forward to sliding backward, or vice versa.

CHARLOTTE (CHARLOTTE SPIRAL) spiral with the body moving to a vertical position parallel to the supporting leg and lifting the free leg in full splits up.

CHASSE one of the simplest steps in figure skating. It is performed with a change of leg and sliding edge, without changing the front and direction of movement. It can start with the right and left legs, forward and backward, out and in. Example: the left leg is pulled outwards, then the right leg is pulled up to it and placed forward inwards, the left leg rises slightly above the ice, but remains in the sixth position (toe to toe, heel to heel).

CHOCTAW step using both legs. Unlike mouhok, this is a change of leg, direction of movement and rib. It is used mainly by dancers, less often by soloists in the tracks of steps.

COMPASS (PIVOT) sliding on any of the edges for a move forward or backward with the free foot placed on the prong in the center of the spiral. Compasses for the forward stroke are preceded by setting the foot on the prong. On the reverse move, on the contrary, first slide, then prong.

CROSSBILLMAN (CROSS grab) spiral with the opposite hand gripping the skate of the free leg.

CROSSROLL movement with a change of foot and sliding direction. It starts with either foot on the outer rib, with the free leg at the back. Next, the free passes by the reference point in the sixth position and is placed on the ice. After that, the legs are crossed and the transition to a free leg occurs.

DOGGIE (FAN SPIRAL) the free leg rises inverted up into the transverse splits, the body deviates to the center of the circle. Ideally, the leg line should not have bends. The position of the hands is arbitrary.

FALLING LEAF jump into the longitudinal split from the rietberger approach.

FLAG (Y spiral) the free leg rises inverted up into the transverse twine and is held there by the same hand.

FLIP jagged jump. The prong of the right leg is used. It can be performed with a triple forward outward or with a mouhok.

FREE LEG a foot that doesnt touch the ice.

HERRINGBONE (BASIC STROKING) the main step. The Christmas tree resembles a skating step on skis and is so called because when moving on the ice there is a trace resembling a Christmas tree. As you can see from the English name, this is the most basic step. Skaters use it to gain speed or move from one element to another, but excessive use of it indicates (according to the existing rules) that the athletes technique is not good enough, so the strongest skaters try to minimize its use.

HOOK (ROCKER) a step used mainly in ice dancing. This is a turn on one leg with a change of direction of movement without changing the edge, but with a change of arc. First, the athlete moves, for example, on the right leg forward outwards, and then makes a turn and continues to move on the right leg back outwards. The hook is made in the direction of the "incoming" arc.

HYDROCOILING (HYDROBOBLADING) a set of spirals on strongly defined ribs with deep subsidence, and, as a rule, laying the hull as close to the ice as possible. Classic hydrospiral spiral on the edge back inwards with the free leg crossed behind and extended out of the circle, the body tilted into the circle and the fingers of the free hand lightly touching the ice in the center of the circle.

INA BAUER the element is similar to a boat (see below), but the legs in it are not in the second position (not on the same line), but closer to the fourth (parallel to each other). The leg that is located at the back always stands on the inner edge, and the one in front can be on the inner or outer edge.

JUMP TO LIBELA rotation. The skater slides forward on his left foot and lands on his right. The rotation takes place backwards.

KERRIGAN (KERRIGAN SPIRAL) spiral in the swallow position with the free legs knee gripped by the same hand.

LAYBACK SPIN rotation in the back deflection. Free leg on the side. The hands can be placed in different positions.

LIBELA (CAMEL SPIN) rotation in the swallow position. In the classic version, it is performed on a straight supporting leg. With a swinging libel, the athlete leans forward and rises back.

LUNGE half-twine.

LUTZ jagged jump. The prong of the right leg is used, and the jump itself is performed from the outer edge of the left leg.

MAWHAWK step using both legs. When it is performed, there is a change of leg, direction of movement, but the rib remains unchanged. The most common variant starts with a forward outward movement on the right leg, then the skater "substitutes" the other leg and moves back out on the left leg. Sometimes it is used for entering a flip, but more often for quickly changing the direction of movement or in step paths. Dancers distinguish between" open "and" closed " mouhok: in the first case, the free leg is placed in front when changing, and in the second case, the support leg is placed behind.

OILER (HALF LOOP) jump. Used as a bundle in jump combinations. By the method of repelling, it is similar to a loop jump (rittberger), but landing in it occurs on the swing leg. Therefore, it is important to make a vigorous swing with the straightened free leg in the direction of the general movement of the body and fix the position of both legs in flight. To confidently perform a back-in landing, it is necessary to pull back and hold the free leg and arm of the same name in this position. As an auxiliary exercise for mastering the landing, it is recommended to glide for a long time in this position.

PERETYAZHKA HOOK (ROCKER) movement with a change of edge and sliding direction, without changing the leg. Runs forward and backward. Used as a connecting element in step paths.

PISTOL (DUCK) spiral in a sitting position. It is performed on any of the ribs in any direction, the free leg is carried out inverted forward. Mandatory condition: the buttocks should not be higher than the knee of the supporting leg.

RITTBERGER (LOOP) when performing a rittberger, neither a swing nor a prong is used. Jumping out occurs from the arc on which the supporting leg is located.

RITTBERGERS TROIKA step with a change of the movement front and edge. For example, the movement starts in the left direction, and the athlete rides on the left leg. A wide step is performed, as when cutting, then the transition to the right leg. The left one remains in front. Then a triple is performed on the right leg back out, forward in. This is followed by the transition to the left leg back inside and again push on the right.

RUNNING (PROGRESSIVE, RUN) dance step. For a forward stroke, it fully corresponds to a forward sweep. On the backward move, push back outwards with the foot that is in the circle, into the closed cross position in front, then push back with the foot outside the circle into the lunge position.

SCREW (SCRATCH SPIN) rotation in the standing position. At the beginning of the elements execution, the free leg is moved to the side and bent in front of the support leg. The arms are gradually grouped together, and the leg is lowered and straightened. This rotation is the fastest. The usual screw is performed on the left leg. Reverse screw on the right side.

SHEEPSKIN COAT (TOE LOOP) jagged jump. The kick is made with the prong of the left leg. Most often, this jump is used as the second in the cascade.

SHIP (SPREADEAGLE) sliding on two legs on the outer or inner ribs in the eversion position.

STAG JUMP the jump is similar to jumping in the longitudinal splits, but in flight, the fly leg bends at the knee, and the body, as a rule, bends back.

SWALLOW (SPIRAL) the essence of the element is that the athlete slides on one leg, and lifts the free one up. Depending on which edge the glide occurs on, the swallows can be out, in, forward or backward. When evaluating swallows, first of all, costality and smoothness are valued, as well as the ability to hold a position. When evaluating combinations, the difficulty of moving from one spiral to another is taken into account.

TODES this element is considered one of the most difficult in pair figure skating. When performing todes, the partner slides on one leg in a horizontal position. The partner moves the compass back outwards. Todes can be performed back to the outside, back to the inside, and forward to the outside (along the edge on which the partner slides).

TOP (SIT SPIN) rotation in a sitting position. The supporting leg is bent, and the free leg is straightened parallel to the ice.

TORSO TWISTING rotation of the upper torso relative to the lower one along the longitudinal axis. The positive direction of torso twisting is considered to be the direction towards the rounding of the arc. The negative direction of torso twisting is considered to be the direction opposite to the rounding of the arc.

TROIKA (TRIPLE TURN) (THREE TURN) turn on one leg with a change of edge and direction of movement. It is called this because the track that remains on the ice looks like the number 3. One of the most common triples looks like this: the skater slides forward on the outer edge of the left leg, then turns 180 degrees over the left shoulder ("in the center of the circle") and continues to slide on the left leg, but back and on the inner edge. This triple is used when entering salchow and flip. Other options look similar, for example, one of the approaches to the Rittberger starts with a triple "forward in": the skater slides on the right foot forward in, turns and moves back on the outer edge. When triples are used as jump approaches, the second part ("after the turn") is often cut off, the skater simply jumps into the air from the required edge, but sometimes so-called "multiple" triples are used (when turns are performed one after the other without stopping), for example, Irina Slutskaya often used multiple triples to approach the triple rittberger.

TWINE (LONGITUDINAL) (SPLIT JUMP) prong jump to the position of the longitudinal splits with a flip or sheepskin approach, landing on the forward stroke on the tooth of the swing leg and immediately switching to the forward stroke of the push leg.

TWISTING (TWIST) an element of pair skating. The partner throws the partner over his head, the partner makes turns in the horizontal plane, the partner catches it and puts it on the ice in the exit position.

TWIZZLE a step that is mainly used in ice dancing. This is a cross between multiple threes and a spin: a quick turn on one leg with little progress. The faster the turn and the less the athlete moves, the better. For dancing, a series of twizzles is mandatory, which the partners perform synchronously.

VYKRYUK (COUNTER) a step used mainly in ice dancing. This is a turn on one leg with a change of direction of movement without changing the edge, but with a change of"arc". First, the athlete moves, for example, on the right leg forward outwards, and then makes a turn and continues to move on the right leg back outwards.

WALLEY, CAK one-turn rib jump from a back-in move to a back-out move of the same leg. A characteristic feature is the pressing of the free leg bent at the knee from the side instead of the cross grouping.

WALTZ JUMP jump in 0.5 turns, preparing for the axel.